/**
 * \file opengl_renderer.c
 * \brief   OpenGL renderer for the GTK3 backend.
 *
 * \author Michael C. Martin <mcmartin@gmail.com>
 * \author David Hogan <david.q.hogan@gmail.com>
 */

/* This file is part of VICE, the Versatile Commodore Emulator.
 * See README for copyright notice.
 *
 *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 *  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 *  (at your option) any later version.
 *
 *  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 *  GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 *  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA
 *  02111-1307  USA.
 *
 */

#include "vice.h"

#include "opengl_renderer.h"

#include <assert.h>
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
#include <math.h>

#ifdef MACOS_COMPILE
#include <CoreGraphics/CGDirectDisplay.h>
#endif

#include "archdep.h"
#include "lib.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "machine.h"
#include "monitor.h"
#include "palette.h"
#include "render_queue.h"
#include "resources.h"
#include "sysfile.h"
#include "ui.h"
#include "uistatusbar.h"
#include "util.h"
#include "vsync.h"
#include "vsyncapi.h"

#ifdef MACOS_COMPILE
#include "macOS-util.h"
#endif

log_t opengl_log = LOG_DEFAULT;

#define CANVAS_LOCK() pthread_mutex_lock(&canvas->lock)
#define CANVAS_UNLOCK() pthread_mutex_unlock(&canvas->lock)
#define RENDER_LOCK() pthread_mutex_lock(&context->render_lock)
#define RENDER_UNLOCK() pthread_mutex_unlock(&context->render_lock)

typedef vice_opengl_renderer_context_t context_t;

static void on_widget_realized(GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data);
static void on_widget_unrealized(GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data);
static void on_widget_resized(GtkWidget *widget, GdkRectangle *allocation, gpointer data);
static void on_widget_monitors_changed(GdkScreen *screen, gpointer data);
#ifdef MACOS_COMPILE
static void on_top_level_widget_resized(GtkWidget *widget, GdkRectangle *allocation, gpointer data);
#endif
static void render(void *job_data, void *pool_data);

static GLuint create_shader(GLenum shader_type, const char *text);
static GLuint create_shader_program(char *vertex_shader_filename, char *fragment_shader_filename);

/** \brief Raw geometry for the machine screen.
 *
 * The first sixteen elements describe a rectangle the size of the
 * entire display area, and the last eight assign texture coordinates
 * to each corner.
 */
static float vertexData[] = {
        -1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,
         1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,
        -1.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,
         1.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,
/* normal */
        0.0f,  1.0f,
        1.0f,  1.0f,
        0.0f,  0.0f,
        1.0f,  0.0f
#if 0
/* xflip */
        1.0f,  1.0f,
        0.0f,  1.0f,
        1.0f,  0.0f,
        0.0f,  0.0f,
/* yflip */
        0.0f,  0.0f,
        1.0f,  0.0f,
        0.0f,  1.0f,
        1.0f,  1.0f,
/* xyflip (180 degr rot) */
        1.0f,  0.0f,
        0.0f,  0.0f,
        1.0f,  1.0f,
        0.0f,  1.0f,
/* 90 degr rot */
        1.0f,  1.0f,
        1.0f,  0.0f,
        0.0f,  1.0f,
        0.0f,  0.0f,
#endif
};

/**/

static void vice_opengl_initialise_canvas(video_canvas_t *canvas)
{
    context_t *context;

    CANVAS_LOCK();

    opengl_log = log_open("OpenGL");

    /* First initialise the context_t that we'll need everywhere */
    context = lib_calloc(1, sizeof(context_t));
    context->cached_vsync_resource = -1;

    context->canvas_lock_ptr = &canvas->lock;
    pthread_mutex_init(&context->render_lock, NULL);
    context->render_queue = render_queue_create();

    canvas->renderer_context = context;

    g_signal_connect(canvas->event_box, "realize", G_CALLBACK (on_widget_realized), canvas);
    g_signal_connect(canvas->event_box, "unrealize", G_CALLBACK (on_widget_unrealized), canvas);
    g_signal_connect_unlocked(canvas->event_box, "size-allocate", G_CALLBACK(on_widget_resized), canvas);

    CANVAS_UNLOCK();
}

static void vice_opengl_destroy_context(video_canvas_t *canvas)
{
    context_t *context;

    CANVAS_LOCK();

    context = canvas->renderer_context;

    /* Release all backbuffers on the render queue and delloc it */
    render_queue_destroy(context->render_queue);
    context->render_queue = NULL;

    pthread_mutex_destroy(&context->render_lock);

    lib_free(context);

    canvas->renderer_context = NULL;

    CANVAS_UNLOCK();
}

static void on_widget_realized(GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data)
{
    video_canvas_t *canvas = data;
    context_t *context = canvas->renderer_context;
    GtkAllocation allocation;
    gint gtk_scale;

    CANVAS_LOCK();

    gtk_widget_get_allocation(widget, &allocation);
    context->native_view_width  = allocation.width;
    context->native_view_height = allocation.height;

    gtk_scale = gtk_widget_get_scale_factor(widget);
    context->gl_backing_layer_width     = context->native_view_width  * gtk_scale;
    context->gl_backing_layer_height    = context->native_view_height * gtk_scale;

    /* Create a native child window to render onto */
    vice_opengl_renderer_create_child_view(widget, context);

    /* OpenGL initialisation */
    vice_opengl_renderer_make_current(context);

    if (!context->gl_context_is_legacy) {
        context->shader_builtin             = create_shader_program("viewport.vert", "builtin.frag");
        context->shader_builtin_interlaced  = create_shader_program("viewport.vert", "builtin-interlaced.frag");
        context->shader_bicubic             = create_shader_program("viewport.vert", "bicubic.frag");
        context->shader_bicubic_interlaced  = create_shader_program("viewport.vert", "bicubic-interlaced.frag");

        glGenBuffers(1, &context->vbo);
        glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, context->vbo);
        glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(vertexData), vertexData, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
        glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);
        glGenVertexArrays(1, &context->vao);
    }

    glGenTextures(1, &context->current_frame_texture);
    glGenTextures(1, &context->previous_frame_texture);

    vice_opengl_renderer_clear_current(context);

    /* Create an exclusive single thread 'pool' for executing render jobs */
    context->render_thread = render_thread_create(render, canvas);

    /* Monitor display DPI changes */
    g_signal_connect_unlocked(gtk_widget_get_screen(widget), "monitors_changed", G_CALLBACK(on_widget_monitors_changed), canvas);

#ifdef MACOS_COMPILE
    /* Due to the weird inverted native co-ordinates on macOS, we also need to layout when the window size changes */
    g_signal_connect_unlocked(gtk_widget_get_toplevel(canvas->event_box), "size-allocate", G_CALLBACK(on_top_level_widget_resized), canvas);
#endif

    CANVAS_UNLOCK();
}

static void on_widget_unrealized(GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data)
{
    video_canvas_t *canvas = data;
    context_t *context = canvas->renderer_context;

    g_signal_handlers_disconnect_by_func(gtk_widget_get_screen(widget), G_CALLBACK(on_widget_monitors_changed), canvas);

#ifdef MACOS_COMPILE
    g_signal_handlers_disconnect_by_func(gtk_widget_get_toplevel(canvas->event_box), G_CALLBACK(on_top_level_widget_resized), canvas);
#endif

    CANVAS_LOCK();

    /* Remove and dealloc the child view */
    vice_opengl_renderer_destroy_child_view(context);

    CANVAS_UNLOCK();
}

/** The underlying GtkDrawingArea has changed size (possibly before being realised) */
static void on_widget_resized(GtkWidget *widget, GtkAllocation *allocation, gpointer data)
{
    video_canvas_t *canvas = data;
    context_t *context;
    gint gtk_scale;

    CANVAS_LOCK();

    context = canvas->renderer_context;
    if (!context) {
        CANVAS_UNLOCK();
        return;
    }

    /* Set the background colour */
    if (ui_is_fullscreen_from_canvas(canvas)) {
        context->native_view_bg_r = 0.0f;
        context->native_view_bg_g = 0.0f;
        context->native_view_bg_b = 0.0f;
    } else {
        context->native_view_bg_r = 0.5f;
        context->native_view_bg_g = 0.5f;
        context->native_view_bg_b = 0.5f;
    }

    context->native_view_x      = allocation->x;
    context->native_view_y      = allocation->y;
    context->native_view_width  = allocation->width;
    context->native_view_height = allocation->height;

    gtk_scale = gtk_widget_get_scale_factor(widget);
    context->gl_backing_layer_width     = allocation->width    * gtk_scale;
    context->gl_backing_layer_height    = allocation->height   * gtk_scale;

    CANVAS_UNLOCK();

    /* Update the size of the native child window to match the gtk drawing area */
    vice_opengl_renderer_resize_child_view(widget, context);
}

static void invoke_widget_layout(video_canvas_t *canvas)
{
    context_t *context;
    GtkAllocation allocation;

    CANVAS_LOCK();

    context = canvas->renderer_context;
    if (!context) {
        CANVAS_UNLOCK();
        return;
    }

    CANVAS_UNLOCK();

    gtk_widget_get_allocation(canvas->event_box, &allocation);
    on_widget_resized(canvas->event_box, &allocation, canvas);
}

static void on_widget_monitors_changed(GdkScreen *screen, gpointer data)
{
    invoke_widget_layout(data);
}

#ifdef MACOS_COMPILE
static void on_top_level_widget_resized(GtkWidget *top_level_widget, GtkAllocation *top_level_allocation, gpointer data)
{
    invoke_widget_layout(data);
}
#endif

/******/

/** \brief The emulated screen size or aspect ratio has changed */
static void vice_opengl_update_context(video_canvas_t *canvas, unsigned int width, unsigned int height)
{
    context_t *context;

    CANVAS_LOCK();

    context = canvas->renderer_context;

    context->emulated_width_next = width;
    context->emulated_height_next = height;
    context->pixel_aspect_ratio_next = canvas->geometry->pixel_aspect_ratio;

    CANVAS_UNLOCK();
}

/** \brief It's time to draw a complete emulated frame */
static void vice_opengl_refresh_rect(video_canvas_t *canvas,
                                     unsigned int xs, unsigned int ys,
                                     unsigned int xi, unsigned int yi,
                                     unsigned int w, unsigned int h)
{
    context_t *context;
    backbuffer_t *backbuffer;
    int pixel_data_size_bytes;

    CANVAS_LOCK();

    context = canvas->renderer_context;
    if (!context || !context->render_queue) {
        CANVAS_UNLOCK();
        return;
    }

    /* Obtain an unused backbuffer to render to */
    pixel_data_size_bytes = context->emulated_width_next * context->emulated_height_next * 4;
    backbuffer = render_queue_get_from_pool(context->render_queue, pixel_data_size_bytes);

    if (!backbuffer) {
        CANVAS_UNLOCK();
        return;
    }

    backbuffer->width = context->emulated_width_next;
    backbuffer->height = context->emulated_height_next;
    backbuffer->pixel_aspect_ratio = context->pixel_aspect_ratio_next;
    backbuffer->interlaced = canvas->videoconfig->interlaced;
    backbuffer->interlace_field = canvas->videoconfig->interlace_field;

    CANVAS_UNLOCK();

    video_canvas_render(canvas, backbuffer->pixel_data, w, h, xs, ys, xi, yi, backbuffer->width * 4);

    CANVAS_LOCK();
    if (context->render_thread) {
        render_queue_enqueue_for_display(context->render_queue, backbuffer);
        render_thread_push_job(context->render_thread, render_thread_render);
    } else {
        /* Thread no longer running, probably shutting down */
        render_queue_return_to_pool(context->render_queue, backbuffer);
    }
    CANVAS_UNLOCK();
}


#ifdef MACOS_COMPILE
static void macos_set_host_mouse_visibility(GtkWindow *gtk_window)
{
    /*
     * Without this, wiggle the mouse cases macOS to help you find the cursor by making it big.
     * Which sucks if we've set a blank cursor in mouse grab mode.
     *
     * Each frame, check if we've set a custom cursor, and if have, force hide the system mouse
     * so that the wiggle-to-find-mouse thing doesn't happen.
     *
     * But also unhide the mouse if the window loses focus.
     *
     * TODO: find a way to make this event driven on gdk window focus changes.
     */

    static bool hiding_mouse = false;

    bool should_hide_mouse = false;
    gboolean is_window_active;
    int mouse_grab;
    GList *list;
    GdkWindow *gdk_window;
    int i;

    is_window_active = gtk_window_is_active(gtk_window);
    resources_get_int("Mouse", &mouse_grab);

    if (mouse_grab && is_window_active) {

        should_hide_mouse = true;

        /*
         * Only hide the mouse if no secondary top levels are visible. For example it is
         * possible to make the emu window active when the settings dialog or monitor
         * are open, and hiding the mouse in these cases would be confusing.
         */

        for (list = gtk_window_list_toplevels(); list != NULL && should_hide_mouse; list = list->next) {

            gdk_window = gtk_widget_get_window(list->data);

            if (!gdk_window || !gdk_window_is_visible(gdk_window)) {
                continue;
            }

            /* There's a visible window, only allow the hide if the window is a primary ui window */
            should_hide_mouse = false;
            for (i = 0; i < NUM_WINDOWS; i++) {
                if (GTK_WINDOW(list->data) == GTK_WINDOW(ui_get_window_by_index(i))) {
                    should_hide_mouse = true;
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    if (should_hide_mouse) {
        if (!hiding_mouse) {
            CGDisplayHideCursor(kCGNullDirectDisplay);
            hiding_mouse = true;
        }
    } else {
        if (hiding_mouse) {
            CGDisplayShowCursor(kCGNullDirectDisplay);
            hiding_mouse = false;
        }
    }
}
#endif


static void vice_opengl_on_ui_frame_clock(GdkFrameClock *clock, video_canvas_t *canvas)
{
    context_t *context = canvas->renderer_context;

    ui_update_statusbars();

    CANVAS_LOCK();

    /* TODO we really shouldn't be setting this every frame! */
    gtk_widget_set_size_request(canvas->event_box, context->native_view_min_width, context->native_view_min_height);

    /*
     * Sometimes the OS wants to redraw part of the window. Haven't been able to
     * reliably detect those events in some linux environments so we don't trigger
     * a redraw on that sort of event. It's not as simple as catching the GTK draw
     * signal, because we have our own native Xlib window/NSView added over the top
     * of the GTK/GDK window.
     *
     * So, each GdkFrameClock event, check if we are currently paused, and if we
     * are, queue up a refresh of the existing emu frame.
     *
     * This ensures that resizing while paused doesn't glitch like busy win95,
     * and also fixes various issues on some crappy X11 setups :)
     */

    if (ui_pause_active() || monitor_is_inside_monitor() || machine_is_jammed()) {
        render_thread_push_job(context->render_thread, render_thread_render);
    }

#ifdef MACOS_COMPILE
    GtkWindow *window = GTK_WINDOW(gtk_widget_get_toplevel(canvas->event_box));

    CANVAS_UNLOCK();

    macos_set_host_mouse_visibility(window);
#else
    CANVAS_UNLOCK();
#endif
}

static void update_frame_textures(context_t *context, backbuffer_t *backbuffer)
{
    /*
     * Update the OpenGL texture with the new backbuffer bitmap
     */

    if (backbuffer->interlace_field != context->current_interlace_field) {
        /* Retain the previous texture to use in interlaced mode */
        GLuint swap_texture                 = context->previous_frame_texture;
        context->previous_frame_texture     = context->current_frame_texture;
        context->previous_frame_width       = context->current_frame_width;
        context->previous_frame_height      = context->current_frame_height;
        context->current_frame_texture      = swap_texture;
        context->current_interlace_field    = backbuffer->interlace_field;
    }

    context->current_frame_width    = backbuffer->width;
    context->current_frame_height   = backbuffer->height;
    context->interlaced             = backbuffer->interlaced;
    context->pixel_aspect_ratio     = backbuffer->pixel_aspect_ratio;

    glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, context->current_frame_texture);
    glPixelStorei(GL_UNPACK_ALIGNMENT, 1);
    glPixelStorei(GL_UNPACK_ROW_LENGTH, backbuffer->width);
    glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA, backbuffer->width, backbuffer->height, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, backbuffer->pixel_data);
    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_BASE_LEVEL, 0);
    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAX_LEVEL, 0);
    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);
}

static void legacy_render(video_canvas_t *canvas, float scale_x, float scale_y)
{
    /* Used when OpenGL 3.2+ is NOT available */

    int filter;
    GLuint gl_filter;

    float u1 = 0.0f;
    float v1 = 0.0f;
    float u2 = 1.0f;
    float v2 = 1.0f;

    vice_opengl_renderer_context_t *context = (vice_opengl_renderer_context_t *)canvas->renderer_context;
    filter = canvas->videoconfig->glfilter;

    /* FIXME: add support for flipx/flipy/rotate */

    /* We only support builtin linear and nearest on legacy OpenGL contexts */
    gl_filter = filter ? GL_LINEAR : GL_NEAREST;

    glDisable(GL_LIGHTING);
    glDisable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
    glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
    glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);

    if (context->interlaced) {
        glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, context->previous_frame_texture);
        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, gl_filter);

        glBegin(GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP);
        glTexCoord2f(u1, v2);
        glVertex2f(-scale_x, -scale_y);
        glTexCoord2f(u2, v2);
        glVertex2f(scale_x, -scale_y);
        glTexCoord2f(u1, v1);
        glVertex2f(-scale_x, scale_y);
        glTexCoord2f(u2, v1);
        glVertex2f(scale_x, scale_y);
        glEnd();

        glEnable(GL_BLEND);
        glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
    }

    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, context->current_frame_texture);
    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, gl_filter);

    glBegin(GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP);
    glTexCoord2f(u1, v2);
    glVertex2f(-scale_x, -scale_y);
    glTexCoord2f(u2, v2);
    glVertex2f(scale_x, -scale_y);
    glTexCoord2f(u1, v1);
    glVertex2f(-scale_x, scale_y);
    glTexCoord2f(u2, v1);
    glVertex2f(scale_x, scale_y);
    glEnd();

    if(context->interlaced) {
        glDisable(GL_BLEND);
    }

    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);
    glDisable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
}

static void modern_render(video_canvas_t *canvas, float scale_x, float scale_y)
{
    /* Used when OpenGL 3.2+ is available */

    int filter;
    GLint gl_filter;

    GLuint program;
    GLuint position_attribute;
    GLuint tex_coord_attribute;
    GLuint scale_uniform;
    GLuint view_size_uniform;
    GLuint source_size_uniform;
    GLuint this_frame_uniform;
    GLuint last_frame_uniform = 0;

    vice_opengl_renderer_context_t *context = (vice_opengl_renderer_context_t *)canvas->renderer_context;
    filter = canvas->videoconfig->glfilter;

    /* FIXME: add support for flipx/flipy/rotate */

    /* For shader filters, we start with nearest neighbor. So only use linear if directly requested. */
    gl_filter = (filter == VIDEO_GLFILTER_BILINEAR) ?  GL_LINEAR : GL_NEAREST;

    /* Choose the appropriate shader */
    if (context->interlaced) {
        if (filter == VIDEO_GLFILTER_BICUBIC) {
            program = context->shader_bicubic_interlaced;
        } else {
            program = context->shader_builtin_interlaced;
        }
    } else {
        if (filter == VIDEO_GLFILTER_BICUBIC) {
            program = context->shader_bicubic;
        } else {
            program = context->shader_builtin;
        }
    }

    glUseProgram(program);

    position_attribute  = glGetAttribLocation(program, "position");
    tex_coord_attribute = glGetAttribLocation(program, "tex");
    scale_uniform       = glGetUniformLocation(program, "scale");
    view_size_uniform   = glGetUniformLocation(program, "view_size");
    source_size_uniform = glGetUniformLocation(program, "source_size");
    this_frame_uniform  = glGetUniformLocation(program, "this_frame");

    if (context->interlaced) {
        last_frame_uniform  = glGetUniformLocation(program, "last_frame");
    }

    glDisable(GL_BLEND);
    glBindVertexArray(context->vao);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, context->vbo);
    glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
    glEnableVertexAttribArray(1);
    glVertexAttribPointer(position_attribute,  4, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, 0);
    glVertexAttribPointer(tex_coord_attribute, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, (void*)64);

    glUniform4f(scale_uniform, scale_x, scale_y, 1.0f, 1.0f);
    glUniform2f(view_size_uniform, context->native_view_width, context->native_view_height);
    glUniform2f(source_size_uniform, context->current_frame_width, context->current_frame_height);

    if (context->interlaced) {
        glUniform1i(last_frame_uniform, 0);
        glUniform1i(this_frame_uniform, 1);

        glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
        glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, context->previous_frame_texture);
        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, gl_filter);

        glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE1);
        glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, context->current_frame_texture);
        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, gl_filter);
    } else {
        glUniform1i(this_frame_uniform, 0);

        glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
        glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, context->current_frame_texture);
        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, gl_filter);
    }

    glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, 4);

    if (context->interlaced) {
        glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);
        glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
        glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);
    } else {
        glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);
    }

    glDisableVertexAttribArray(position_attribute);
    glDisableVertexAttribArray(tex_coord_attribute);

    glUseProgram(0);
}

static void render(void *job_data, void *pool_data)
{
    render_job_t job = (render_job_t)vice_ptr_to_int(job_data);
    video_canvas_t *canvas = pool_data;
    vice_opengl_renderer_context_t *context = (vice_opengl_renderer_context_t *)canvas->renderer_context;
    backbuffer_t *backbuffer;
    int vsync = 1;
    float scale_x = 1.0f;
    float scale_y = 1.0f;

    if (job == render_thread_init) {
        archdep_thread_init();

#if defined(MACOS_COMPILE)
        vice_macos_set_render_thread_priority();
#elif defined(LINUX_COMPILE)
        /* TODO: Linux thread prio stuff, need root or some 'capability' though */
#else
        /* TODO: BSD thread prio stuff */
#endif

        log_message(opengl_log, "Render thread initialised");
        return;
    }

    if (job == render_thread_shutdown) {
        archdep_thread_shutdown();
        log_message(opengl_log, "Render thread shutdown");
        return;
    }

    CANVAS_LOCK();
    backbuffer = render_queue_dequeue_for_display(context->render_queue);

    if (context->render_skip) {
        if (backbuffer) {
            render_queue_return_to_pool(context->render_queue, backbuffer);
        }
        CANVAS_UNLOCK();
        return;
    }

    RENDER_LOCK();

    vice_opengl_renderer_make_current(context);

    if (backbuffer) {
        /* Upload the frame(s) to the GPU and then return it */
        update_frame_textures(context, backbuffer);
        render_queue_return_to_pool(context->render_queue, backbuffer);
    }

    /*
     * Recalculate layout
     */

    if (canvas->videoconfig->aspect_mode != VIDEO_ASPECT_MODE_NONE) {
        float viewport_aspect;
        float emulated_aspect;

        viewport_aspect = (float)context->native_view_width / (float)context->native_view_height;
        emulated_aspect = (float)context->current_frame_width / (float)context->current_frame_height;

        if (canvas->videoconfig->aspect_mode == VIDEO_ASPECT_MODE_TRUE) {
            emulated_aspect *= context->pixel_aspect_ratio;
        } else {
            emulated_aspect *= canvas->videoconfig->aspect_ratio;
        }

        if (emulated_aspect < viewport_aspect) {
            scale_x = emulated_aspect / viewport_aspect;
            scale_y = 1.0f;
        } else {
            scale_x = 1.0f;
            scale_y = viewport_aspect / emulated_aspect;
        }
    }

    canvas->screen_display_w = (float)context->native_view_width  * scale_x;
    canvas->screen_display_h = (float)context->native_view_height * scale_y;
    canvas->screen_origin_x = ((float)context->native_view_width  - canvas->screen_display_w) / 2.0;
    canvas->screen_origin_y = ((float)context->native_view_height - canvas->screen_display_h) / 2.0;

    /* Calculate the minimum drawing area size to be enforced by gtk */
    if (canvas->videoconfig->aspect_mode == VIDEO_ASPECT_MODE_TRUE) {
        context->native_view_min_width  = ceil((float)context->current_frame_width * context->pixel_aspect_ratio);
        context->native_view_min_height = context->current_frame_height;
    } else {
        context->native_view_min_width  = context->current_frame_width;
        context->native_view_min_height = context->current_frame_height;
    }

    context->last_render_time = tick_now();

    CANVAS_UNLOCK();

    vice_opengl_renderer_set_viewport(context);

    /* Enable or disable vsync as needed */
    vsync = canvas->videoconfig->vsync;

    if (vsync != context->cached_vsync_resource) {
        vice_opengl_renderer_set_vsync(context, vsync ? true : false);
        context->cached_vsync_resource = vsync;
    }

    /* Begin with a cleared framebuffer */
    glClearColor(context->native_view_bg_r, context->native_view_bg_g, context->native_view_bg_b, 1.0f);
    glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);

    /* Invoke the appropriate renderer */
    if (context->gl_context_is_legacy) {
        legacy_render(canvas, scale_x, scale_y);
    } else {
        modern_render(canvas, scale_x, scale_y);
    }

    vice_opengl_renderer_present_backbuffer(context);
    glFinish();

    vice_opengl_renderer_clear_current(context);

    RENDER_UNLOCK();
}

static void vice_opengl_set_palette(video_canvas_t *canvas)
{
    int i;
    video_render_color_tables_t *color_tables = &canvas->videoconfig->color_tables;
    struct palette_s *palette = canvas ? canvas->palette : NULL;

    if (!palette) {
        return;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < palette->num_entries; i++) {
        palette_entry_t color = palette->entries[i];
        uint32_t color_code = color.red | (color.green << 8) | (color.blue << 16) | (0xffU << 24);
        video_render_setphysicalcolor(canvas->videoconfig, i, color_code, 32);
    }

#ifdef WORDS_BIGENDIAN
    for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
        video_render_setrawrgb(color_tables, i, i << 24, i << 16, i << 8);
    }
    video_render_setrawalpha(color_tables, 0xffU);
#else
    for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
        video_render_setrawrgb(color_tables, i, i, i << 8, i << 16);
    }
    video_render_setrawalpha(color_tables, 0xffU << 24);
#endif
    video_render_initraw(canvas->videoconfig);
}

/******/

/** \brief Compile a shader.
 *
 *  If the shader cannot be compiled, error messages from OpenGL will
 *  be dumped to stdout.
 *
 *  \param shader_type The kind of shader being compiled. Must be
 *                     either GL_VERTEX_SHADER or GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER.
 *  \param text        The shader source.
 *  \return The identifier of the shader.
 */
static GLuint create_shader(GLenum shader_type, const char *text)
{
    GLuint shader = glCreateShader(shader_type);
    GLint status = 0;
    glShaderSource(shader, 1, &text, NULL);
    glCompileShader(shader);
    glGetShaderiv(shader, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &status);
    if (status == GL_FALSE) {
        GLint info_log_length;
        GLchar *info_log;
        const char *shader_type_name = NULL;
        glGetShaderiv(shader, GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH, &info_log_length);
        info_log = lib_malloc(sizeof(GLchar) * (info_log_length + 1));
        glGetShaderInfoLog(shader, info_log_length, NULL, info_log);

        switch(shader_type) {
            case GL_VERTEX_SHADER:
                shader_type_name = "vertex";
                break;
            case GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER:
                shader_type_name = "fragment";
                break;
            default:
                shader_type_name = "unknown";
                break;
        }

        log_error(opengl_log, "Compile failure in %s shader:\n%s\n", shader_type_name, info_log);
        lib_free(info_log);

        archdep_vice_exit(1);
    }

    return shader;
}

/** \brief Compile and return a gl program for the given vertext and fragment shader files.
 */
static GLuint create_shader_program(char *vertex_shader_filename, char *fragment_shader_filename)
{
    char *vertex_shader;
    char *fragment_shader;
    GLuint program;
    GLuint vert;
    GLuint frag;
    GLint status;
    FILE *fd;
    char *path;

    /* Load the vertex shader */

    fd = sysfile_open(vertex_shader_filename, "GLSL", &path, "rb");
    if (fd == NULL) {
        log_error(opengl_log, "Could not open vertex shader: %s", vertex_shader_filename);
        archdep_vice_exit(1);
    }

    log_message(opengl_log, "Loading vertex shader: %s", path);

    if (util_file_load_string(fd, &vertex_shader)) {
        log_error(opengl_log, "Could not read vertex shader: %s", path);
        fclose(fd);
        lib_free(path);
        archdep_vice_exit(1);
    }
    fclose(fd);
    lib_free(path);

    /* Load the fragment shader */

    fd = sysfile_open(fragment_shader_filename, "GLSL", &path, "rb");
    if (fd == NULL) {
        log_error(opengl_log, "Could not open fragment shader: %s", fragment_shader_filename);
        archdep_vice_exit(1);
    }

    log_message(opengl_log, "Loading fragment shader: %s", path);

    if (util_file_load_string(fd, &fragment_shader)) {
        log_error(opengl_log, "Could not read fragment shader: %s", path);
        fclose(fd);
        lib_free(path);
        lib_free(vertex_shader);
        archdep_vice_exit(1);
    }
    fclose(fd);
    lib_free(path);

    vert = create_shader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER, vertex_shader);
    frag = create_shader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER, fragment_shader);

    program = glCreateProgram();
    glAttachShader(program, vert);
    glAttachShader(program, frag);
    glLinkProgram(program);
    glGetProgramiv (program, GL_LINK_STATUS, &status);
    if (status == GL_FALSE) {
        GLint info_log_length;
        GLchar *info_log;

        glGetProgramiv(program, GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH, &info_log_length);
        info_log = lib_malloc(sizeof(GLchar) * (info_log_length + 1));
        glGetProgramInfoLog(program, info_log_length, NULL, info_log);
        log_error(opengl_log, "Linker failure: %s\n", info_log);
        lib_free(info_log);
        lib_free(fragment_shader);
        lib_free(vertex_shader);
        archdep_vice_exit(1);
    }

    glDeleteShader(frag);
    glDeleteShader(vert);
    lib_free(fragment_shader);
    lib_free(vertex_shader);

    return program;
}

/******/

vice_renderer_backend_t vice_opengl_backend = {
    vice_opengl_initialise_canvas,
    vice_opengl_update_context,
    vice_opengl_destroy_context,
    vice_opengl_refresh_rect,
    vice_opengl_on_ui_frame_clock,
    vice_opengl_set_palette
};
